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From: Brian Carpenter CERN-CN <brian@dxcern.cern.ch>
Message-Id: <9308020700.AA20872@dxcern.cern.ch>
Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds
To: Noel Chiappa <jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 1993 09:00:42 +0200 (MET DST)
Cc: bill.simpson@um.cc.umich.edu, jmh@anubis.network.com, atm@sun.com, 
    big-internet@munnari.oz.au, iesg@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, 
    iplpdn@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US, jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu, rolc@network.com
In-Reply-To: <9307301701.AA28659@ginger.lcs.mit.edu> from "Noel Chiappa" at Jul 30, 93 01:01:39 pm
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Noel, everybody,

>--------- Text sent by Noel Chiappa follows:
...
> The Right Thing *is* to dissolve IPLPDN, and set up two WG's: one each
> *specifically* for i) address resolution mechanisms on large WAN's (since we
> have current need for this, plus at least one IPng candidate with a very
> determined camp of shortish-fixed-length-internetwork-address advocates), and
> ii) routing mechanisms for large WAN's. The charters should *specifically
> prohibit* any work on stuff outside the charters, and the Chair's and AD's
> have to enforce these.
> 

I'm concerned that the basic architectural dilemma faced by ATM
proponents (does ATM support a catenet architecture, or render it
obsolete?) has to be faced at the same time as these two issues.
You need to read Bob Cole's IP/ATM framework draft to see this
spelled out.

Of course, if ATM fails in the market, then it doesn't matter.

Regards,
	Brian Carpenter CERN, brian@dxcern.cern.ch
			voice +41 22 767 4967, fax +41 22 767 7155
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From: bmurali@qsun.att.com
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 93 08:49 EDT
To: frftc@nsco.network.com
Cc: ATM@qsun.att.com, and@qsun.att.com, based@qsun.att.com, 
    ifOutUCastPkts@qsun.att.com, interfaces@qsun.att.com
Subject: bmurali

Hello,
	In using[applying] the ifTable defined in MIB II for ATM based
	interfaces, the variable ifOutUCastPkts seems to have a slightly
	different interpretation per ifTable than most ATM implementations
	[as shown below].
	In fact, as is noted in the Bellcore proposal on ATM managed objects,
	the "number of cells transmitted" is switch architecture dependent	
	and consequently, the value for ifOutUCastPkts [which is defined
	as the number of cells received for transmission] may not be
	uniformly derivable.


          from the              transmitted
          network     +-------+ on channel
         ------------>| Lport |------------->
           ^          +-------+          ^
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
           |                             |
         ifOut                      No. of Pkts
       UcastPkts                    transmitted


	Given that the definition of ifTable objects should not be changed,
	we propose the following for ATM based interfaces:


	. The protocol-specific MIB for ATM interfaces include
	  an object that count the "number of Cells transmitted".

	. The ifOutUCastPkts, when queried, return noSucName.



	Comments?

/Baktha


Cross posted in:

	frftc@nsco.network.com
	atommib@thumper.bellcore.com
	if-mib@thumper.bellcore.com
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From: Noel Chiappa <jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
Message-Id: <9308021522.AA12525@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
To: brian@dxcern.cern.ch, iesg@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu
Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds
Cc: atm@sun.com, big-internet@munnari.oz.au, iplpdn@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US, 
    rolc@network.com

    > The Right Thing *is* to ... set up two WG's: one each ... for i) address
    > resolution mechanisms on large WAN's ..., and ii) routing mechanisms for
    > large WAN's.

    I'm concerned that the basic architectural dilemma faced by ATM proponents
    (does ATM support a catenet architecture, or render it obsolete?) has to be
    faced at the same time as these two issues.

Excuse me while I fall off my chair laughing! (I'm only laughing because the
other option is getting pissed off, and that's not a useful feeling. :-)

You may have missed my massive rant to the VC-Routing WG a while back, but as
sure as the sun is going to come up tomorrow i) the ATM mesh is going to be
part of a global internet, ii) such internet systems have system-wide problems
like routing, resource allocation, etc which *cannot* be solved at a purely
local level, iii) some parts of the ATM community are going to try to solve
these issues at the local level, viewing the ATM mesh as an isolated
component, and iv) it won't work.

There is nothing you can do to prevent this. While I agree with you that it
would be *nice* to solve that basic architetural dilemma, too many people
either i) aren't going to see it, or ii) aren't going to get the answer right.
I don't know of *any* technique to get through to them; there is an old saying
you may know, "there are no so blind as those who will not see"? Only when
reality has administered some sharp lessons will people be more receptive. You
can't avoid it, so you might as well just sit back and enjoy it.

All that can be done is that work can be done in parallel on the Right Answer,
so that when the need becomes obvious the solution is in hand, ready to go.
Hence, the two working groups. (Actually, the address resolution thing is a
temporary kludge, I think, but we still need it for a variety of reasons.)


    Of course, if ATM fails in the market, then it doesn't matter.

Oh, I think ATM is going to succeed, just not quite in the form that's usually
visualized. I'll omit the argument as to why and how for now...

	Noel
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From: Brian Carpenter CERN-CN <brian@dxcern.cern.ch>
Message-Id: <9308021548.AA20790@dxcern.cern.ch>
Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds
To: Noel Chiappa <jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
Date: Mon, 2 Aug 1993 17:48:22 +0200 (MET DST)
Cc: iesg@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu, atm@sun.com, 
    big-internet@munnari.oz.au, iplpdn@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US, 
    rolc@network.com
In-Reply-To: <9308021522.AA12525@ginger.lcs.mit.edu> from "Noel Chiappa" at Aug 2, 93 11:22:49 am
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Noel, et al,

>--------- Text sent by Noel Chiappa follows:
> 
>     > The Right Thing *is* to ... set up two WG's: one each ... for i) address
>     > resolution mechanisms on large WAN's ..., and ii) routing mechanisms for
>     > large WAN's.
> 
>     I'm concerned that the basic architectural dilemma faced by ATM proponents
>     (does ATM support a catenet architecture, or render it obsolete?) has to be
>     faced at the same time as these two issues.
> 
> Excuse me while I fall off my chair laughing! (I'm only laughing because the
> other option is getting pissed off, and that's not a useful feeling. :-)

The strange thing is, I agree with you, and I'm glad you said that...
> 
> You may have missed my massive rant to the VC-Routing WG a while back, but as

Yes, that list got too much for me :-)

> sure as the sun is going to come up tomorrow i) the ATM mesh is going to be
> part of a global internet, ii) such internet systems have system-wide problems
> like routing, resource allocation, etc which *cannot* be solved at a purely
> local level, iii) some parts of the ATM community are going to try to solve
> these issues at the local level, viewing the ATM mesh as an isolated
> component, and iv) it won't work.

ATM cannot solve problems outside itself. That does not mean that systems
within an ATM cloud are not allowed to use innovative solutions.
What won't work is confusing the two problem spaces. The ATM Forum has
already increased the risk of that by confusing the two address spaces.
> 
> There is nothing you can do to prevent this. While I agree with you that it
> would be *nice* to solve that basic architetural dilemma, too many people
> either i) aren't going to see it, or ii) aren't going to get the answer right.
> I don't know of *any* technique to get through to them; there is an old saying
> you may know, "there are no so blind as those who will not see"? Only when
> reality has administered some sharp lessons will people be more receptive. You
> can't avoid it, so you might as well just sit back and enjoy it.
> 
> All that can be done is that work can be done in parallel on the Right Answer,
> so that when the need becomes obvious the solution is in hand, ready to go.
> Hence, the two working groups. (Actually, the address resolution thing is a
> temporary kludge, I think, but we still need it for a variety of reasons.)
> 
I did not comment at all whether the rolc WG should be set up. If you're
flushing me out, I think it should be. There.

      Brian
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From: Noel Chiappa <jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
Message-Id: <9308021815.AA13713@ginger.lcs.mit.edu>
To: brian@dxcern.cern.ch, jnc@ginger.lcs.mit.edu, rcoltun@sura.net
Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds
Cc: atm@sun.com, big-internet@munnari.oz.au, iesg@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, 
    iplpdn@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US

    I may be off base with this ... but I would say that the IPv4 and CLNP
    models are one source of your views that there is broken-ness in the
    problem with building catenets of ATM networks.

I'm not positive I understand what exactly your point is, but don't think that
I'm saying that IPv4 or CLNP has the solution to using ATM. I think we need a
whole new internetwork layer, one which is neither pure VC nor pure packet,
(for many reasons, not just to incorporate ATM). I think the optimal design of
data networks is somewhere in the middle. To the extent that this describes
the basic concept of ATM, it says that ATM will be a good match to what the
future internetwork architecture will be. However, I'm positive we will still
need an internetwork layer *above* ATM (for reasons I gave in my long rant to
VC-routing).

    One artifact of this model is a big address vs a multi-tier address such
    as PIP uses. PIP would nicely support ATM as one (or more) level of the
    hierarchy. I think that viewing the Internet as one big address space is
    flawed as opposed to multiple levels.

Again, I'm not sure exactly what your point is; if you're saying that a large,
flat address space is bad, I absolutely agree with that. If you're saying that
a flexible, hierarchical address space is what's needed I agree with that too.
Howver, I would think that just makes my point; such an address space is for
use by a system-wide routing architecture, not local stuff.

	Noel

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From: "David M. Piscitello" <dave@mail.bellcore.com>
To: bsimpson@morningstar.com
Cc: atm@sun.com, big-internet@munnari.oz.au, iesg@CNRI.Reston.VA.US
Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds

Bill.Simpson writes:

I think this
should be delayed until we have picked IPng, and then all of the various
existing IETF WGs would work on the problems in that context, the same
as with multicast.

	Given that IP will be "out there" for at least another decade,
	I don't think we should postpone consideration of these
	problems any longer than we already have. <the disclosure
	for me is rather obvious, yes?>

The one positive thing that I note in Stev Knowles' message is that the
WG will be in the Routing rather than the Internet Area.  What the
difference is, I don't know, but hopefully that will be more focused.

	Hmmm... I'm not sure how to interpret your "positive" then...


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From: Rob Coltun <rcoltun@sura.net>
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Subject: Re: Routing Over Large Clouds
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Brian and Noel,
	I may be off base with this (won't be the first time) but I would
say that the IPv4 and CLNP models are one source of your views that there
is broken-ness in the problem with building catenets of ATM networks.
One artifact of this model is a big address vs a multi-tier address such
as PIP uses. PIP would nicely support ATM as one (or more) level of
the hierarchy.
I think that viewing the Internet as one big address space is flawed as
opposed to multiple levels. A handful of large corporations
that I know of define their networks such that access to and from the Internet
has to go through specific entry points and the internal addresses
are completely hidden from the outside world (their data-center
buildings don't even have signs on the outside, why would they want
to allow someone to telnet in?).
An ATM network will support using another ATM network as a transit network
so a corporate backbone may use a provider for transit traffic to other
parts of their corporate net. I think a more useful model of the
future Internet is a multi-tiered hierarchy of catenets (ie supported by PIP)
of which ATM may be one level.

My 2 cents. Got to get back to coding....

---rob




> sure as the sun is going to come up tomorrow i) the ATM mesh is going to be
> part of a global internet, ii) such internet systems have system-wide problems
> like routing, resource allocation, etc which *cannot* be solved at a purely
> local level, iii) some parts of the ATM community are going to try to solve
> these issues at the local level, viewing the ATM mesh as an isolated
> component, and iv) it won't work.

ATM cannot solve problems outside itself. That does not mean that systems
within an ATM cloud are not allowed to use innovative solutions.
What won't work is confusing the two problem spaces. The ATM Forum has
already increased the risk of that by confusing the two address spaces.
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From: Frank Huang <huang@ccmail.west.smc.com>
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          Dear Sirs,


          My company is a principle member of ATM Forum, and we're
          interested in receiving E-mail discussions regarding the
          issues of "IP over ATM"

          Please put my E-mail address on your mailing list.

               smtplink%frank_huang@ccmail.west.smc.com


          Thank you very much.

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From: keshav@research.att.com
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 93 11:35 EDT
To: atm@sun.com
Subject: Holding times for VCs carrying IP
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com


The following paper is available for anonymous FTP from
research.att.com:dist/qos/hold.ps.Z. I welcome comments.

keshav
--------------------------------------------------------
An Empirical Evaluation of Virtual Circuit Holding Times in IP-over-ATM Networks

                Huzur Saran and S. Keshav*
                Dept. of C.S. & Engg.
                I.I.T. Delhi, Hauz Khas
                New Delhi, India 110016 



    It is generally recognized that future networks are likely to  be
    connection  oriented  Asynchronous  Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.
    However, the datagram-oriented Internet Protocol (IP) is the most
    common  network  layer protocol in current use.  When carrying IP
    traffic over an ATM network, the ATM adaptation  layer  needs  to
    determine  when  to  drop  a  virtual circuit that is opened as a
    consequence of the arrival of an IP datagram.  In this  paper  we
    carry  out  a  detailed  empirical examination of various holding
    time policies taking into account the issue  of  network  pricing
    and  offer  solutions for two natural pricing scenarios.  We find
    that the data shows  temporal  locality  of  reference  and  that
    seemingly  natural  adaptive  timeout  schemes perform poorly. In
    view of observed temporal locality in the data, we propose  Least
    Recently  Used  (LRU)-based  holding time policies which use this
    temporal locality effectively and perform  better than any  other
    strategy  examined.   We show that the fixed timeout scheme where
    there is a systemwide timeout is  equivalent   to   an  LRU-based
    scheme, and  is very effective when the  timeout  value is chosen
    correctly. The policies we propose  are  easy  to  implement  and
    solve the problem satisfactorily.

(*) On leave from AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974.
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Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1993 15:34:40 -0500 (CDT)
Sender:ietf-archive-request@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US
From: "H.A. Kippenhan Jr." <KIPPENHAN@fndcd.fnal.gov>
To: atm@atm.eng.sun.com
Message-Id: <930811153440.36802486@fndcd.fnal.gov>
Subject: Availibility of atm discussion archive
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

	Hello ATM readers:

	I'm pleased to announce that the discussions on the E-mail 
	list atm@atm.eng.sun.com are now being archived on the node
	NIC.HEP.NET (131.225.100.1).  The files of interest can be
	found in directory ANON_FTP.LISTS-ARCHIVE.ATM.1993.  The
	file names will be of the form:

		ATM-ARCHIVE.1993-07

	A couple of things of interest.  I've taken the time to
	edit out the messages from people who insist on sending
	subscribe/remove requests to the list (rather than the
	atm-request address).  Also, the archive isn't real-time; 
	that is, a new file will appear early each month (in early 
	September ATM-ARCHIVE.1993-08 will show up).

	I've tried to contact the list administrators to see if
	they might have any sort of archive about of discussions
	prior to July, 1993.  So far, no answer (I assume that it's 
	just that they are very busy).  If anyone has such an archive
	and can work with me to make it available via anonymous FTP,
	I look forward to hearing from you.

	Best regards.


	- Kipp -

 {~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~}
 { H.A. Kippenhan Jr.               |   Internet:   Kippenhan@FNDCD.FNAL.GOV }
 { National HEPnet Management       |   HEPnet/NSI DECnet:  FNDCD::KIPPENHAN }
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To: "H.A. Kippenhan Jr." <KIPPENHAN@fndcd.fnal.gov>
Cc: atm@atm.eng.sun.com
Subject: Re: Availibility of atm discussion archive
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From: Mark Laubach <laubach@isenbard.hpl.hp.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 93 14:11:26 -0700
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Kipp,

Thanks for the effort of pulling the archive together.

Mark

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From: Farokh J Deboo <fjd@synoptics.com>
To: KIPPENHAN@fndcd.fnal.gov
Subject: Re:  Availibility of atm discussion archive
Cc: atm@atm.eng.sun.com
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> 	I've tried to contact the list administrators to see if
> 	they might have any sort of archive about of discussions
> 	prior to July, 1993.

Kipp,

You may want to look at:
	ietf.cnri.reston.va.us:ietf-mail-archive/atm.

Farokh

-----------------------------
% ftp ietf.cnri.reston.va.us.
Connected to ietf.cnri.reston.va.us.
220 ietf.CNRI.Reston.VA.US FTP server (Version 6.11 Wed Feb 17 18:54:36 EST 1993) ready.
Name (ietf.cnri.reston.va.us.:XXX): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send e-mail address as password.
Password:
230-        Welcome to an experimental FTP Server for IETF and ISOC.
230-
230-If you have any unusual problems, please report them via e-mail to 
230-root@ietf.CNRI.Reston.VA.US.
230-
230-If you do have problems, please try using a dash (-) as the first character
230-of your password -- this will turn off the continuation messages that may
230-be confusing your ftp client.
230-
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
ftp> cd ietf-mail-archive/atm
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> dir
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
total 1409
-rw-rw-r--  1 1100     1001           48 Dec  1  1992 .92-11.map
-rw-rw-r--  1 1100     1001           32 Jan  5  1993 .92-12.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001           80 Feb  2  1993 .93-01.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001          128 Mar  1 22:56 .93-02.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001          304 Apr  6 19:10 .93-03.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001           80 May  4 21:29 .93-04.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001          144 Jun  1 19:31 .93-05.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001          944 Jul 19 14:43 .93-06.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001         1776 Aug  2 22:26 .93-07.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001          112 Aug  2 22:27 .current.map
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001            0 Nov  2  1992 92-10
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001         4487 Dec  1  1992 92-11.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001         6871 Jan  5  1993 92-12.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001         4640 Feb  2  1993 93-01.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001         9723 Mar  1 23:01 93-02.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001       164275 Apr  6 19:41 93-03
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001        26601 May  5 20:28 93-04
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001        20991 Jun  1 19:31 93-05
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001       294535 Jul 19 14:43 93-06
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001       340581 Aug  2 22:26 93-07
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001        36587 Aug 11 21:20 current
-rw-r--r--  1 1100     1001       469478 Aug  2 22:26 current.old
226 Transfer complete.
1422 bytes received in 0.57 seconds (2.4 Kbytes/s)
ftp> quit
221 Goodbye.
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From: Lawrence Lang <llang@cisco.com>
Message-Id: <9308120146.AA13257@dreggs.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: Holding times for VCs carrying IP
To: keshav@research.att.com
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 93 18:46:46 MDT
Cc: atm@sun.com
In-Reply-To: <9308111535.AA08547@Sun.COM>; from "keshav@research.att.com" at Aug 11, 93 11:35 am
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X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

Isn't this behavior usually heavily influenced by tariffs,
at least in the wide area?

Larry

> 
> 
> The following paper is available for anonymous FTP from
> research.att.com:dist/qos/hold.ps.Z. I welcome comments.
> 
> keshav
> --------------------------------------------------------
> An Empirical Evaluation of Virtual Circuit Holding Times in IP-over-ATM Networks
> 
>                 Huzur Saran and S. Keshav*
>                 Dept. of C.S. & Engg.
>                 I.I.T. Delhi, Hauz Khas
>                 New Delhi, India 110016 
> 
> 
> 
>     It is generally recognized that future networks are likely to  be
>     connection  oriented  Asynchronous  Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.
>     However, the datagram-oriented Internet Protocol (IP) is the most
>     common  network  layer protocol in current use.  When carrying IP
>     traffic over an ATM network, the ATM adaptation  layer  needs  to
>     determine  when  to  drop  a  virtual circuit that is opened as a
>     consequence of the arrival of an IP datagram.  In this  paper  we
>     carry  out  a  detailed  empirical examination of various holding
>     time policies taking into account the issue  of  network  pricing
>     and  offer  solutions for two natural pricing scenarios.  We find
>     that the data shows  temporal  locality  of  reference  and  that
>     seemingly  natural  adaptive  timeout  schemes perform poorly. In
>     view of observed temporal locality in the data, we propose  Least
>     Recently  Used  (LRU)-based  holding time policies which use this
>     temporal locality effectively and perform  better than any  other
>     strategy  examined.   We show that the fixed timeout scheme where
>     there is a systemwide timeout is  equivalent   to   an  LRU-based
>     scheme, and  is very effective when the  timeout  value is chosen
>     correctly. The policies we propose  are  easy  to  implement  and
>     solve the problem satisfactorily.
> 
> (*) On leave from AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974.
> 


-- 
______________________________________________
     Lawrence J. Lang
     Cisco Systems, Inc.
     1525 O'Brien Drive
     Menlo Park, California 94025  USA
     + 1 415 688 4638   Phone
     + 1 415 326 1989   Fax
     llang@cisco.com    Email
______________________________________________
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From: Gavras Anastassios <gavras@fokus.berlin.gmd.d400.de>
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>	just that they are very busy).  If anyone has such an archive
>	and can work with me to make it available via anonymous FTP,
>	I look forward to hearing from you.

My archive starts May 1992. If there is interest I can put it on an FTP server.
It is in the form:
total 3272
-rw-rw----  1 ag         462688 Jul  6 10:27 atm-apr93
-rw-rw----  1 ag         193469 Sep 22  1992 atm-aug92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         297378 Jan  4  1993 atm-dec92
-rw-r-----  1 ag         251514 Apr 28 13:33 atm-feb93
-rw-r-----  1 ag         435034 Apr 28 13:31 atm-jan93
-rw-rw----  1 ag          86145 Sep 22  1992 atm-jul92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         116638 Sep 22  1992 atm-jun92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         162419 Jul  6 11:02 atm-jun93
-rw-r-----  1 ag         323966 Apr 28 13:49 atm-mar93
-rw-rw----  1 ag         220049 Sep 22  1992 atm-may92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         293841 Jul  6 10:41 atm-may93
-rw-rw----  1 ag          43512 Jan  4  1993 atm-nov92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         121220 Jan  4  1993 atm-oct92
-rw-rw----  1 ag         197388 Nov 25  1992 atm-sep92

Regards, 
--
Anastassios Gavras, e-mail:gavras@fokus.gmd.de Tel.:+49 30 25499263
National Research Corporation for Mathematics and Data Processing
Research Institute for Open Communication Systems
GMD-FOKUS, Hardenbergplatz 2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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From: James Robinson <ast0!jfr@ub.com>
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To: atm@sun.com
Subject: atm
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com


I would like to added to the ATM distribution list.

Could you do it, or is there someone else I should talk to?

Thanks

Jim

408-522-3407

ast0!jfr@ub.com

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From: Ross Callon <rcallon@wellfleet.com>
Message-Id: <9308121628.AA25652@cabernet.wellfleet>
To: keshav@research.att.com, llang@cisco.com
Subject: Re: Holding times for VCs carrying IP
Cc: atm@sun.com
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com




	Isn't this behavior usually heavily influenced by tariffs,
	at least in the wide area?

	Larry

	> 
	> 
	> The following paper is available for anonymous FTP from
	> research.att.com:dist/qos/hold.ps.Z. I welcome comments.
	> 
	> keshav
	> --------------------------------------------------------
	> An Empirical Evaluation of Virtual Circuit Holding Times in IP-over-ATM Networks

Given that keshav hasn't replied in at least an hour, I thought 
that I would jump in here :-).

I printed out his paper and read it yesterday. It turns out that they
consider tariff explicitly. 

Of particular concern are two issues: (i) what is the ratio between 
the costs of keeping a virtual circuit up (including tariff) over 
time, versus how much it costs to start up a new virtual circuit 
(including tariff and hidden costs, such as delay); (ii) when will 
the next packet arrive for a particular virtual circuit. Obviously 
you don't really know the latter number (if you could accurately 
predict the future, you would be working on investments rather than 
data communications), but you can try to predict it based on past 
history. 

I think that it is a pretty good paper. 

Ross
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From: keshav@research.att.com
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Continuing Ross's reply (thanks Ross!), we believe that the holding time
is influenced by (and I quote from the tex):

\item the pricing policy in the network
\item the traffic arrival pattern in the network 
\item the maximum number of open VCs allowed per end-system  
\item the user's loss of utility from a unit increase in delay

We consider each of the four factors in detail in the paper.
Specifically, we roll the first and last factors into a holding
time threshold, and investigate the behavior of various policies
given _measured_ traffic and system limitations. So, yes, we are
aware of pricing, and yes, we have explicitly tried to take it into
account.

keshav
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From: "Jeffrey C. Chen" <jc7k+@andrew.cmu.edu>
To: atm@sun.com
Subject: ATM FAQ
Cc:    
In-Reply-To: 
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

Is there a FAQ list beign maintained on ATM?  If so, where can I get it?

Jeff

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From: Allen Robel <allen@nwnet.net>
Reply-To: Allen Robel <allen@nwnet.net>
Subject: Re: ATM FAQ
To: "Jeffrey C. Chen" <jc7k+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Cc: atm@sun.com
In-Reply-To: <wgOvEoO00awXIEAHAv@andrew.cmu.edu>
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I'm posting this reply to the list because its probably about time
again to redirect people with these sorts of questions elsewhere...

On Fri, 13 Aug 1993, Jeffrey C. Chen wrote:

> Is there a FAQ list beign maintained on ATM?  If so, where can I get it?

Jeff,

Yes. ftp.nwnet.net in /user-docs/cell-relay

Since the atm@sun list is supposed to be for folks that are in the
process of defining standards for IP over ATM, I'd suggest future
questions like the one above be posted to the cell-relay list.  You can
subscribe by sending a note to: 

cell-relay-request@cascade.nwnet.net

post via usenet to comp.dcom.cell-relay.

regards,

Allen Robel                           Internet: allen@nwnet.net
Network Engineer                      voice:    (206)562-3000
NorthWestNet                          FAX:      (206)562-4822



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From: Shikhar Bajaj <bajaj@thumper.bellcore.com>
Message-Id: <9308131635.AA18695@vorpal.bellcore.com>
To: atm@sun.com, jc7k+@andrew.cmu.edu
Subject: Re: ATM FAQ
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> 
> Is there a FAQ list beign maintained on ATM?  If so, where can I get it?
> 
> Jeff
> 
> 

The archives for comp.dcom.cell-relay are available by anonymous ftp at
ftp.nwnet.net in user-docs/cell-relay/archive.  The archive is updated each
month.



Shikhar
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From: Andrew Smith <asmith@synoptics.com>
To: atm@sun.com
Subject: Classical ARP draft
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I just noticed that there is no ar$hrd number assigned for NSAP addresses in
RFC1340 (assigned numbers).

Has someone applied for one? Is ATM really the first network to use NSAPs as
"hardware" addresses?


Andrew

********************************************************************************
Andrew Smith					TEL:	+1 408 764 1574
Distributed Network Systems Group		FAX:	+1 408 988 5525
SynOptics Communications Inc.			E-m:	asmith@synoptics.com
********************************************************************************

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Ok, maybe I should have read the last page .......
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From: David Piscitello <dave@mail.bellcore.com>
To: Ross Callon <rcallon@wellfleet.com>
Cc: atm@sun.com
Subject: Re: Holding times for VCs carrying IP
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

you don't really know the latter number (if you could accurately 
predict the future, you would be working on investments rather than 
data communications), but you can try to predict it based on past 
history. 

	huh? I don't really see how you can do this without a 	
	really big sampling (big = long, long measurement); anyway,
	this is not a new problem; we had it with X.25, remember?

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Subject: ATM WG meeting times at Houston IETF
To: atm@eng.sun.com
X-Mailer: Poste 2.1
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From: Mark Laubach <laubach@matmos.hpl.hp.com>
Date: Sat, 21 Aug 93 16:44:23 -0700
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All ATM WG'ers.

The next IETF meeting, is as you know, is during November 1-5 in Houston.

We've been assigned Tuesday at 0930 and Thursday at 0930 for working
group meeting times.  I tried to get us three meeting times again, but
was held at two by our AD.  Either we will need to be more efficient
than we have been at past meetings, or I'll need an agenda in hand in
order to get a third day.

Please submit any agenda items to me and I will begin putting together
the agenda for our two (maybe three) meeting times.

Thanks,


Mark

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Subject: next version of Classical IP and ARP over ATM draft
To: atm@eng.sun.com
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Attached in the next version of the classical draft.  I apologize for the
length of time it has taken to get to this state since Amsterdam.  

This draft is current with the results from the WG meeting at Amsterdam.
The address resolution portion has been completely rewritten for the
single ARP server model.  I've passed the text via the ad hoc PVC 
committee a few times already.

I would like to try to get technical closure on this draft within 
the next three weeks so we can move it along in its process.

Mark
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Network Working Group                                       Mark Laubach
Request for Comments: DRAFT                 Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
Expires February 20, 1994                                August 20, 1993






                     Classical IP and ARP over ATM


Status of this Memo

   This memo is an internet draft. Internet Drafts are working documents
   of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, and its
   Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working
   documents as Internet Drafts.

   Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
   months.  Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
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   draft" or "work in progress".  Please check the lid-abstracts.txt
   listing contained in the internet-drafts shadow directories on
   nic.ddn.mil, nnsc.nsf.net, nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.src.com, or
   munnari.oz.au to learn the current status of any Internet Draft.

1.  Abstract

   This memo describes an initial application of classical IP and ARP in
   an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network environment configured as
   a Logical IP Subnetwork (LIS) as described below and in [1]. This
   document does not preclude the subsequent development of ATM
   technology into areas other than an LIS; specifically, as single ATM
   networks grow to replace many ethernet local LAN segments and as
   these networks become globally connected, the application of IP and
   ARP will be treated differently. This memo considers only the
   application of ATM a as a direct replacement for the "wires" and
   local LAN segments connecting IP end-stations and routers. Issues
   raised by MAC level bridging are beyond the scope of this paper.

3.  Acknowledgment

   This memo could not have come into being without the critical review
   from Jim Forster of Cisco Systems, Drew Perkins of FORE Systems, and
   Bryan Lyles, Steve Deering, and Berry Kercheval of XEROX PARC.  The
   concepts and models presented in [1], written by Dave Piscitello and



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   Joseph Lawrence, laid the structural groundwork for this work. This
   document could have not been completed without the expertise of the
   IP over ATM Working Group of the IETF and the ad hoc PVC committee at
   the Amsterdam meeting.

4. Conventions

   The following language conventions are used in the items of
   specification in this document:

   o   MUST, SHALL, or MANDATORY -- the item is an absolute requirement
       of the specification.

   o   SHOULD or RECOMMEND -- this item should generally be followed for
       all but exceptional circumstances.

   o   MAY or OPTIONAL -- the item is truly optional and may be followed
       or ignored according to the needs of the implementor.

5.  Introduction

   The goal of this specification is to allow compatible and
   interoperable implementations for transmitting IP datagrams, ARP and
   InARP requests and replies over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5)[6].

   Initial deployment of ATM provides a LAN segment replacement for
   ethernet networks and as wire-replacement for dedicated public
   telecommunication lines between IP routers. In the former model,
   local IP routers with one or more ATM interfaces will connect islands
   of local ATM networks. ATM-FORUM compliant addressing will be used
   within these local ATM networks. In the latter model, public ATM
   networks will be used to connect IP routers, which in turn may or may
   not connect to local ATM networks. Public networks will use ITU-TSS
   and ANSI standards for addressing in ATM.

   The characteristics and features of ATM networks are different than
   those found in LAN's:

   o   ATM provides a virtual circuit switched environment. VC setup may
       be done on either a Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) or dynamic
       Switched Virtual Circuit (SVC) basis. SVC call management
       signalling is performed via Q.93B implementations [7,9].

   o   Data to be passed by a VC is segmented into 53 octet quantities
       called cells (5 octets of ATM header and 48 octets of data).

   o   ATM standards provide several formats for the exchange of
       Protocol Data Units (PDU's), these formats are called ATM



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       Adaptation Layers (AAL's). When a virtual circuit is created a
       specific AAL type is associated with the VC.  This type is
       specified either by administrative control for PVC's or via
       signalling for SVC's. There are five different AAL format types,
       which are commonly referred to as "AALn", where "n" is a number
       from one 1 through 5.  There is no field in an ATM cell header
       which carries this AAL type value, rather it is known at each hop
       of the path due to the call setup mechanism. The AAL5 format
       specifies a packet format with a maximum size of 64K - 8 user
       data octets. Cells for an AAL5 PDU are transmitted first to last,
       the last cell indicating end of PDU. ATM standards guarantee that
       on a given VC, cell ordering is preserved end-to-end.

   o   ATM-FORUM signalling defines point-to-point and point-to-
       multipoint circuit setup [9].  Multipoint-to-multipoint virtual
       circuits are not not yet a conformance requirement of the ATM-
       FORUM.

   o   ATM-FORUM local LAN addresses (in the address resolution protocol
       context) use the same basic format as GOSIP NSAP's [11].  Note:
       ATM-FORUM addresses should not be construed at being GOSIP
       NSAP's, they are not, the administration is different, which
       fields get filled out are different, etc.

   This memo describes the initial deployment of ATM within "classical"
   IP networks as a direct replacement for local area networks
   (ethernets) and for IP links which interconnect routers, either
   within or between administrative domains. The "classical" model here
   refers to the treatment of the ATM host adapter as a networking
   interface to the IP protocol stack.

   Characteristics of the classical model are:

    o  One default maximum MTU size for the network interface,
       consistent with current implementations.

    o  Default LLC/SNAP encapsulation of IP packets.

    o  IP destinations map to VC's via ARP and end-to-end IP routing
       stays the same, consistent with current model.

    o  ARP's stay within the LIS, current ARP architecture stays the
       same.

    o  One IP subnet is used for many hosts and routers. A separate VC
       is used for each station-to-station pair, one subnet is used for
       all these VC's.




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   The "global" ATM model is an evolution of the classical model where
   the ATM network becomes more fully deployed and globally available.
   In this model, the traditional protocol stack architecture also
   evolves allowing applications to map directly on VC's (e.g., TCP and
   UDP ports map directly onto VC's) and ARP mechanisms are no longer
   bound to LIS boundaries as queries and replies may go global.  IP
   will evolve to take advantage of the network services provided by the
   global ATM network.

   Characteristics of the global model are:

    o  MTU size is negotiated per VC via ATM signalling, requires MTU
       size be separated from interface in protocol stack.

    o  IP encapsulation is negotiated per VC via ATM signalling,
       requires common signalling to be implemented and globally
       available.

    o  Applications map directly to VC's, requiring changes to
       TCP/UDP/IP to allow ports to map directly on to VC's

    o  ARP's are global, ARP architecture needs to change to support a
       robust global client/server model.

    o  Differing quality of service (QOS) guarantees will exist on a per
       application and per VC basis.

   The deployment of ATM into the Internet community is just beginning
   and will take many years to complete. During the early part of this
   period, we expect deployment to follow traditional IP subnet
   boundaries for the following reasons:

    o  Administrators and managers of IP subnetworks will tend to
       initially follow the same models as they currently have deployed.
       The mindset of the community will change slowly over time as ATM
       increases its coverage and builds its credibility.

    o  Policy administration practices rely on the security, access,
       routing, and filtering capability of IP Internet gateways: i.e.
       firewalls. ATM will not be allowed to "back-door" these
       mechanisms until ATM provides better management capability than
       the existing services and practices.

    o  Standards for global IP over ATM will take some time to complete
       and deploy.

   This memo details the treatment of the classical model of IP and ARP
   over ATM. There are those would like to have IP-over-ATM begin by



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   breaking the classical model - this memo represents the view that we
   must walk before we can run. This memo does not preclude the
   subsequent evolution of ATM networks as they become more globally
   deployed and interconnected and the evolution of TCP and IP to take
   advantage of these changes - these will be the subject of future
   documents. This memo does not address issues related to transparent
   data link layer interoperability.

6.  IP Subnetwork Configuration

   In the LIS scenario, each separate administrative entity configures
   its hosts and routers within a closed logical IP subnetwork. Each LIS
   operates and communicates independently of other LIS's over the same
   ATM network. Hosts connected to ATM communicate directly to other
   hosts within the same LIS. Communication to hosts outside of the
   local LIS is provided via an IP router. This router is a station
   attached to the ATM network that is configured as a member of two or
   more LIS's. This configuration may result in a number of disjoint
   LIS's operating over the same ATM network. Hosts of differing IP
   subnets would communicate via an intermediate router even though a
   direct virtual circuit between the two hosts may be available over
   the ATM network.

   The requirements for IP member stations (hosts, routers) operating in
   an ATM LIS configuration are:

   o   All members have the same IP network/subnet number.

   o   All stations within an LIS are accessed directly over the ATM
       network.

   o   All stations outside of the LIS are accessed via a router.

   o   All members of an LIS must have a mechanism for resolving IP
       addresses to ATM addresses via ARP [4] when using SVC's.

   o   All members within a LIS MUST be able to communicate with all
       other members in the same LIS; i.e., the topology is fully
       meshed. There should be no administrative restrictions at the ATM
       level that prevent VC's from operating between all pairs of
       stations.

   The following list identifies a set of ATM specific parameters that
   MUST be implemented in each IP station connected to the ATM network.
   The parameter values MUST be user configurable:

   o   ATM Hardware Address (atm$ha). The ATM address of the individual
       IP station. Each host must be configured to accept datagrams



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       destined for this address

   o   ATM ARP Request Address (atm$arp-req). atm$arp-req is the ATM
       hardware address of an individual ARP server located within the
       LIS to which ARP requests are to be sent for the resolution of
       target protocol addresses to target hardware addresses for SVC
       connections. That server must have authoritative responsibility
       for resolving ARP requests of all IP stations within the LIS.

   It is RECOMMENDED that routers providing LIS functionality over the
   ATM network also support the ability to interconnect differing LIS's.
   Routers that wish to provide interconnection of differing LIS's MUST
   be able to support multiple sets of these parameters (one set for
   each connected LIS) and be able to associate each set of parameters
   with a specific IP network/ subnet number. In addition, it is
   RECOMMENDED that a router be able to provide this multiple LIS
   support with a single physical ATM interface that may have one or
   more individual ATM addresses.

7.  Packet Format

   Implementations MUST support IEEE 802.2 LLC/SNAP encapsulation as
   described in [2].  LLC/SNAP encapsulation is the default packet
   format for IP datagrams.

   This memo recognizes that other encapsulation methods may be used
   however, in the absence of other knowledge or agreement, LLC/SNAP
   encapsulation is the default.

   This memo recognizes the future development of end-to-end signalling
   within ATM that will allow negotiation of encapsulation method on a
   per-VC basis.  Signalling negotiations are beyond the scope of this
   memo.

8.  MTU Size

   The default MTU size for IP stations operating over the ATM network
   SHALL be 9180 octets. The LLC/SNAP header is 8 octets, therefore the
   default ATM AAL5 protocol data unit size is 9188 octets. In classical
   IP subnets, values other than the default can only be used if and
   only if all stations in the LIS have been configured to use the non-
   default value.

   This memo recognizes the future development of end-to-end signalling
   within ATM that will allow negotiation of MTU size on a per-VC basis.
   Signalling negotiations are beyond the scope of this document.

9.  ADDRESS RESOLUTION



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   Address resolution within an ATM logical IP subnet shall make use of
   the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) [3] and the Inverse Address
   Resolution Protocol (InARP) [9] and all IP stations are required to
   support these protocols.  Use of these protocols differ depending on
   whether permanent virtual circuits (PVC's) or switched virtual
   circuits (SVC's) are used.

   Permanent Virtual Circuits

   An IP station must have a mechanism for determining what PVC's it
   has, and in particular which PVC's are being used for LLC/SNAP
   encapsulated protocols.  The details of the mechanism are beyond the
   scope of this memo.

   All IP stations supporting permanent virtual circuits are required to
   use the Inverse Address Resolution Protocol (InARP) as defined in [9]
   on those virtual circuits using LLC/SNAP encapsulation. In a strict
   PVC environment, the receiver shall infer the relevant virtual
   circuit from the virtual circuit on which the InARP request
   (InARP_REQUEST) or response (InARP_REPLY) was received. When the ATM
   source and/or target hardware address is unknown, the corresponding
   hardware address length in the InARP packet must be set to zero (0)
   indicating a null length, otherwise the appropriate address field
   should be filled in and the corresponding length set appropriately.
   InARP packet format details are presented later in this memo.

   From [9]: "When the requesting station receives the InARP reply, it
   may complete the ARP table entry and use the provided address
   information.  Note: as with ARP, information learned via InARP may be
   aged or invalidated under certain circumstances."  It is the
   responsibility of each IP station supporting ATM permanent virtual
   circuits to re-validate ARP table entries as part of the aging
   process.  See the section below on "ARP Table Aging - All Stations".

   Switched Virtual Circuits

   ATM switched virtual circuits require support for ARP in the non-
   broadcast, non-multicast environment that ATM networks currently
   provide. To meet this need a single ARP server will be located within
   the LIS. This server must have authoritative responsibility for
   resolving the ARP requests of all IP stations within the LIS.

   The server itself is inherently passive in that it depends on the
   clients in the LIS to initiate the ARP registration procedure. An
   individual client connects to the ARP server using a point-to-point
   virtual circuit. The server, upon receiving a new virtual circuit
   specifying LLC/SNAP encapsulation, will initiate an InARP request to
   determine the IP address of the client. The InARP reply from the



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   client contains the information necessary for the ARP server to build
   its ARP table cache. This information is used to generate replies to
   the ARP requests it receives.

   The ARP server mechanism requires that each client be
   administratively configured with the ATM hardware address of the ARP
   server atm$arp-req as defined earlier in this memo. There is to be
   one and only one ARP server operational per logical IP subnet. This
   ARP server must be administratively configured so that it knows it is
   the ARP server.  The ARP server MUST be configured with an IP address
   for each logical IP subnet it is serving to support InARP requests.

   This memo recognizes that a single ARP Server is not as robust as
   multiple servers which synchronize their databases correctly. This
   document is defining the client-server interaction by using a simple,
   single server approach as a reference model, and does not prohibit
   more robust approaches which use the same client-server interface.

   ARP Server Operational Requirements

   The ARP server accepts switched virtual circuit connections from
   other ATM stations. At call setup and if the VC supports LLC/SNAP
   encapsulation, the ARP server will transmit to the originating ATM
   station an InARP request (InARP_REQUEST) for each logical IP subnet
   the server is configured to serve. After receiving an InARP reply
   (InARP_REPLY), the server will examine the IP address and the ATM
   hardware address. The server will add (or update) the <hardware
   address, IP address> map entry and timestamp into its ARP table.  If
   the InARP IP address duplicates a table entry IP address and the
   InARP hardware address does not match the table entry hardware
   address and there is an open virtual circuit associated with that
   table entry, the InARP information is discarded and no modifications
   to the table are made. ARP table entries persist until aged or
   invalidated.  VC call tear down does not remove ARP table entries.

   The ARP server, upon receiving an ARP request (ARP_REQUEST), will
   generate the corresponding ARP reply (ARP_REPLY) if it has an entry
   in its ARP table or a negative ARP reply (ARP_NAK).  The ARP_NAK
   response is an extension to the ARP protocol and is used to improve
   the robustness of the ARP server mechanism.  With ARP_NAK, a client
   can determine the difference between a catastrophic server failure
   and an ARP table lookup failure.  The ARP_NAK packet format is the
   same as the received ARP_REQUEST packet format with the operation
   code set to ARP_NAK, i.e., the ARP_REQUEST packet data is merely
   copied for transmission with the ARP_REQUEST operation code reset to
   ARP_NAK.

   ARP table information timeout update: when the server receives an ARP



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   request over a virtual circuit, and the source information (IP and
   hardware address) match the association already in the ARP table, and
   the hardware address matches that associated with the virtual circuit
   (in the SVC environment), then the server may update the timeout on
   the ARP table entry.

   ARP Client Operational Requirements

   The ARP client is responsible for contacting the ARP server to
   register its own ARP information and to gain and refresh ARP
   information about other IP stations.  ARP clients are required to:

   1. Initiate the virtual circuit connection to the ARP server for
   transmitting and receiving ARP and InARP packets.

   2. Respond to ARP_REQUEST and InARP_REQUEST packets received on any
   VC appropriately.

   3. Generate and transmit ARP_REQUEST packets to the ARP server and to
   process ARP_REPLY and ARP_NAK packets from the server appropriately.
   ARP_REPLY packets should be used to build/refresh ARP table entries.

   4. Generate and transmit InARP_REQUEST packets as needed and to
   process InARP_REPLY packets appropriately.  InARP_REPLY packets
   should be used to build/refresh ARP table entries.

   5. Provide an ARP table aging function to remove old ARP tables
   entries after a convenient period of time.

   Note: if the client does not maintain an open VC to the server, the
   client must refresh its ARP information with the server at least once
   every 20 minutes.  This is done by opening a VC to the server and
   exchanging the initial InARP packets.

   ARP Table Aging - All stations

   A client or server must have knowledge of any open VC's it has
   (permanent or switched), their association with an ARP table entry,
   and in particular, which VC's support LLC/SNAP encapsulation.

   Client ARP table entries are valid for a maximum time of 15 minutes.

   Server ARP table entries are valid for a minimum time of 20 minutes.

   Prior to aging (removing) an ARP table entry, all stations must
   generate an InARP_REQUEST on any open VC associated with that entry.
   If an InARP_REPLY is received, that table entry is updated and not
   deleted.  If there is no open VC associated with the table entry, the



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   entry is deleted.

   ARP and InARP Packet Format

   Internet addresses are assigned independent of ATM-FORUM NSAP
   addresses. Each host implementation MUST know its own internet and
   ATM address(es) and respond to address resolution requests
   appropriately.  Hosts MUST also use ARP to map Internet addresses to
   ATM hardware addresses when needed.

   The ARP and InARP protocol has several fields that have the following
   format and values:

   Data:
     ar$hrd     16 bits  Hardware type
     ar$pro     16 bits  Protocol type
     ar$shln     8 bits  Octet length of source hardware address (m)
     ar$spln     8 bits  Octet length of source protocol address (n)
     ar$op      16 bits  Operation code (request or reply)
     ar$thln     8 bits  Octet length of target hardware address (p)
     ar$tpln     8 bits  Octet length of target protocol address (q)
     ar$sha     moctets  source hardware address
     ar$spa     noctets  source protocol address
     ar$tha     poctets  target hardware address
     ar$tpa     qoctets  target protocol address

    Where:

     ar$hrd  -  assigned to ATM-FORUM NSAP address family and is
                dd decimal (0x00nn) [4].

     ar$pro  -  see Assigned Numbers for protocol type number for
                the protocol using ARP. (IP is 0x0800).

     ar$shln -  length of the source hardware NSAP address length.

     ar$spln -  length in bytes of the source protocol address. For
                IP ar$spln is 4.

     ar$op   -  The operation type value (decimal):
                ARP_REQUEST   = 1
                ARP_REPLY     = 2
                InARP_REQUEST = 8
                InARP_REPLY   = 9
                ARP_NAK       = ??

     ar$thln -  length of the target hardware NSAP address length.




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     ar$tpln -  length in bytes of the target protocol address. For
                IP ar$tpln is 4.

     ar$sha  -  source NSAP address.

     ar$spa  -  source protocol address.

     ar$tha  -  target NSAP address.

     ar$tpa  -  target protocol address.

   The ATM hardware addresses in ARP packets (ar$sha, ar$tha) SHALL be
   ATM-FORUM specified NSAP addresses [9].

   The same NSAP encoding SHALL be used within an LIS and replies will
   use the same encoding as queries. For example, NSAP's may encode IEEE
   48-bit MAC addresses or may encode E.164 addresses. Within the LIS
   either IEEE MAC or E.164 hardware addresses may be used but not both.

   ARP packets are to be encoded in AAL5 PDU's using LLC/SNAP
   encapsulation. The format of the AAL5 CPCS-SDU payload field for
   routed non-ISO PDU's is:

               Payload Format for Routed non-ISO PDU's
               +------------------------------+
               |        LLC 0xAA-AA-03        |
               +------------------------------+
               |        OUI 0x00-00-00        |
               +------------------------------+
               |     Ethertype 0x08-06        |
               +------------------------------+
               |                              |
               |         ARP Packet           |
               |                              |
               +------------------------------+

   The LLC value of 0xAA-AA-03 (3 octets) indicates the presence of a
   SNAP header.

   The OUI value of 0x00-00-00 (3 octets) indicates that the following
   two-bytes is an ethertype.

   The Ethertype value of 0x08-06 (2 octets) indicates ARP [4].

   The total size of the LLC/SNAP header is fixed at 8-octets. This
   aligns the start of the ARP packet on a 64-bit boundary relative to
   the start of the AAL5 SDU.




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   The LLC/SNAP encapsulation for ARP presented here is consistent with
   the treatment of multiprotocol encapsulation of IP over ATM AAL5 as
   specified in [2] and in the format of ARP over IEEE 802 networks as
   specified in [5].

   Traditionally, ARP requests are broadcast to all directly connected
   IP stations within a LIS. It is conceivable in the future that larger
   scaled ATM networks may handle ARP requests to destinations outside
   the originating LIS, perhaps even globally; issues raised by ARP'ing
   outside the LIS or by a global ARP mechanism are beyond the scope of
   this memo.

10.  IP Broadcast Address

   ATM does not support broadcast addressing, therefore there are no
   mappings available from IP broadcast addresses to ATM broadcast
   services. Note: this lack of mapping does not restrict stations from
   transmitting or receiving IP datagrams specifying any of the four
   standard IP broadcast address forms as described in [8].  Stations,
   upon receiving an IP broadcast or IP subnet broadcast for their LIS,
   must process the packet as if addressed to that station.

11.  IP Multicast Address

   ATM does not support multicast address services, therefore there are
   no mappings available from IP multicast addresses to ATM multicast
   services.  Current IP multicast implementations (i.e., MBONE and IP
   tunneling, see [10]) will continue to operate over ATM based logical
   IP subnets if operated in the WAN configuration.

   This memo recognizes the future development of ATM multicast service
   addressing by the ATM-FORUM. When available and widely implemented,
   the roll-over from the current IP multicast architecture to this new
   ATM architecture will be straightforward.

12.  Security

   Security issues are not discussed in this memo.

   This memo recognizes the future development of ATM and IP facilities
   for authenticated call setup, authenticated end-to-end application
   knowledge, and data encryption as being required services for
   globally connected ATM networks. These future security facilities and
   their use by IP networks are beyond the scope of this memo.

13.  Open Issues

   o   A proposal was put before the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority



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       to approve a request to create an ARP hardware type of "ATM-FORUM
       NSAP address".  IANA has not responded as of this date.

   o   Well known ATM hardware address(es) for ARP servers?  It would be
       very handy if we came up with a set of well known ATM addresses
       for ARP services.  We should probably have well-known PVC numbers
       for a non-SVC environment also.

   o   Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI) services will not be
       generally implemented by some providers and vendors and will not
       be used to obtain the ATM address network prefix from the network
       [9].  Meta-signalling does provide some of this functionality and
       in the future we need to document the options.

REFERENCES

   [1] Piscitello, D., and Lawrence, J., "IP and ARP over the SMDS
       Service", RFC1209, USC/Information Sciences Institute, March
       1991.

   [2] Heinanen, Juha, "Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
       Layer 5", RFC1483, USC/Information Sciences Institute, July 1993.

   [3] Plummer, D., "An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol - or -
       Converting Network Addresses to 48.bit Ethernet Address for
       Transmission on Ethernet Hardware", RFC 826, MIT, November 1982.

   [4] Reynolds, J., and Postel, J., "Assigned Numbers", RFC1340, USC/
       Information Sciences Institute, July 1992.

   [5] Postel, J., and Reynolds, J., "A Standard for the Transmission of
       IP Datagrams over IEEE 802 Networks", RFC1042, USC/Information
       Sciences Institute, February 1988.

   [6] CCITT, "Draft Recommendation I.363", CCITT Study Group XVIII,
       Geneva, 19-29 January 1993.

   [7] CCITT, "Draft text for Q.93B", CCITT Study Group XI, 23 September
       - 2 October 1992.

   [8] Braden, R., "Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Communication
       Layers", RFC1122, USC/Information Sciences Institute, October
       1989.

   [9] ATM-FORUM, "ATM User-Network Interface Specification Version 3.0.
       (DRAFT)", ATM-FORUM, 480 San Antonio Road, Suite 100, Mountain
       View, CA 94040, June 1993.




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   [10] Deering, S, "Host Extensions for IP Multicasting", RFC1112,
       USC/Information Sciences Institute, August 1989.

   [11] Colella, Richard, and Gardner, Ella, and Callon, Ross,
       "Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet", RFC1237,
       USC/Information Sciences Institute, July 1991.

Author's Address

   Mark Laubach
   Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
   1501 Page Mill Road
   Palo Alto, CA 94304

   Phone: 415.857.3513
   FAX:   415.857.8526
   EMail: laubach@hpl.hp.com


































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From: Drew Daniel Perkins <ddp@fore.com>
Message-Id: <9308231333.AA20301@marlin.fore.com>
To: atm@eng.sun.com, laubach@matmos.hpl.hp.com
Subject: Re: ATM WG meeting times at Houston IETF
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com


> We've been assigned Tuesday at 0930 and Thursday at 0930 for working
> group meeting times.  I tried to get us three meeting times again, but
> was held at two by our AD.  Either we will need to be more efficient
> than we have been at past meetings, or I'll need an agenda in hand in
> order to get a third day.
> 
> Please submit any agenda items to me and I will begin putting together
> the agenda for our two (maybe three) meeting times.

Actually, two might be ideal.  With ROLC being in a different area, the
likelihood of conflict between ROLC and ATM will be quite
high.  Most ATM WG'ers are also ROLC WG'ers...

Drew Perkins
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Fore Systems, Inc.			Tel: (412) 967-4040
1000 Gamma Drive			Fax: (412) 967-4044
Pittsburgh, PA 15238			Email: ddp@fore.com

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From: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
Date: Mon, 23 Aug 93 8:52:00 CDT
Cc: IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, rolc@network.com, 
    IETF <ietf@isi.edu>

Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
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From: Bob Hinden <Bob.Hinden@eng.sun.com>
Message-Id: <9308231534.AA01822@bigriver.Eng.Sun.COM>
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Cc: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@nri.reston.va.us>, IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, 
    ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, rolc@network.com, IETF <ietf@venera.isi.edu>
In-Reply-To: <m0oUcJU-0001bGC@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Subject: re: dissolution of IPLPDN
Content-Length: 513
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

George,

As the IESG Area Director who helped start IPLPDN, I wish to congratulate
you and the IPLPDN working group for a job well done.  I think we all
found out there was a lot important work which needed to be done in this
area.

The work done by IPLPDN under your leadership was very good and solved
real problems for people.  It helped create additional environments to
run IP which did not exist when the group was started.

I personally thank you and the IPLPDN working group for a job well done.

Bob




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From: Robert Berger <rberger@cerf.net>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
Cc: IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, rolc@network.com, 
    IETF <ietf@isi.edu>

Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com


Robert J. Berger  Internet: rberger@cerf.net
InterNex Information Services
1050 Chestnut Street Suite 202, Menlo Park, CA 94025
Voice: 415-473-3060 Fax: 415-473-3062
Email after 8/25: rberger@internex.net


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From: QM Administrator <QM_Administrator@cpqm.saic.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
Cc: IETF <ietf@isi.edu>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, 
    rolc@network.com
X-Orig-Sender: atm-request@atm.eng.sun.com

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               dissolution of IPLPDN
Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com

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From: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
Date: Mon, 23 Aug 93 8:52:00 CDT
Cc: IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, rolc@network.com, 
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From: QM Administrator <QM_Administrator@cpqm.saic.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
CC: IETF <ietf@isi.edu>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, 
    rolc@network.com
Message-ID:  <9308231911.aa02122@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               dissolution of IPLPDN
Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com

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Sender:ietf-request@IETF.CNRI.Reston.VA.US
From: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
Date: Mon, 23 Aug 93 8:52:00 CDT
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From: QM Administrator <QM_Administrator@cpqm.saic.com>
Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: IPLPDN WG <iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>
Cc: IETF <ietf@isi.edu>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, 
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Mail*Link(r) SMTP               dissolution of IPLPDN
Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com

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Subject: dissolution of IPLPDN
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Cc: IETF <ietf@isi.edu>, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, IP over ATM WG <atm@sun.com>, 
    rolc@network.com

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               dissolution of IPLPDN
Reflecting discussions at the last two IETF meetings, this note is to 
announce that the IP over Large Public Data Networks WG has disbanded.  
Unfinished work will be continued in the IP over ATM, PPP-EXT, and 
Routing over Large Clouds Working Groups.  IPLPDN is closing down 
because issues had migrated to the IP over ATM WG and because of an Area 
Director policy to create working groups that focus on specific issues rather 
than on general topics.  The mail list will continue to be maintained, and 
RFCs which are on the standards track will be shepherded through by email.  
These RFCs include...

 o  Multiprotocol over Frame Relay
 o  Inverse ARP
 o  Multiprotocol over X.25

Please let me know if there are other RFCs that are should be listed.  

There was some recent email to the effect that IPLPDN solved the easy 
problems and punted on the hard ones.  This criticism of IPLPDN is not 
really troubling because I am confident of the quality of work done by 
the group.  I owe it to my colleagues in the group, though, to respond.

IPLPDN dealt with problems that *had* to be solved to enable near-term,
interoperable implementations of virtual private networks over public,
switched data services.   We produced excellent work that has been
widely accepted and implemented.  You would be hard pressed to find
a vendor of SMDS and Frame Relay equipment who does not implement
RFCs 1209 and 1294 (now 1490), and our work in those RFCs has been
adopted by the IP over ATM WG and ATM Forum.  IPLPDN also did ground-
breaking work on address resolution in large environments.  The work
on Shortcut Routing and Directed ARP has advanced the understanding
of people who are now participating in the IP over ATM and ROLC WGs.
Finally, we went a long way towards nailing down "multiprotocol over
circuit switched services" (included circuit ISDN), and this work
should be completed soon in the PPP group.  

This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
participate.

George Clapp
voice: 708-248-6507
fax:   708-248-3996
email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com

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--NextPart

A Revised Internet Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories. This draft is a work item of the IP Over Asynchronous Transfer
Mode Working Group of the IETF.                                            

       Title     : Classical IP and ARP over ATM                           
       Author(s) : M. Laubach
       Filename  : draft-ietf-atm-classic-ip-02.txt
       Pages     : 14

This memo describes an initial application of classical IP and ARP in an 
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network environment configured as a 
Logical IP Subnetwork (LIS) as described below and in RFC1209.  This 
document does not preclude the subsequent development of ATM technology 
into areas other than an LIS; specifically, as single ATM networks grow to 
replace many ethernet local LAN segments and as these networks become 
globally connected, the application of IP and ARP will be treated 
differently. This memo considers only the application of ATM a as a direct 
replacement for the "wires" and local LAN segments connecting IP 
end-stations and routers. Issues raised by MAC level bridging are beyond 
the scope of this paper.                                                   

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From: Oliver Korfmacher <okorf@netcs.com>
Message-Id: <9308250714.AA08874@keks.netcs.com>
Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 93 9:14:24 MEST
Cc: iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, atm@sun.com, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, 
    rolc@nsco.network.com, ietf@venera.isi.edu
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> 
> This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
> a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
> continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
> misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical 
> problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
> participate.

One point I can't resist to mention: The discussion "multiprotocol over
circuit switched ISDN" was started too late. Here, in non-US countries,
we now have a variety of methods for IP and other protocols over the ISDN.
I hope that finally ppp will be widely accepted (just to have ONE
standard, but it will now take some time to established and accepted
method). ppp may not be the most efficient method, but anyhow.

	Oliver

        Oliver Korfmacher (okorf@netcs.com, whois OK11)

> 
> George Clapp
> voice: 708-248-6507
> fax:   708-248-3996
> email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
> 

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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
CC: atm@sun.com, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, ietf@isi.edu, 
    iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, rolc@nsco.network.com
Message-ID:  <9308261455.aa19245@CNRI.Reston.VA.US>

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               RE>dissolution of IPLPDN
> 
> This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
> a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
> continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
> misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical

> problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
> participate.

One point I can't resist to mention: The discussion "multiprotocol over
circuit switched ISDN" was started too late. Here, in non-US countries,
we now have a variety of methods for IP and other protocols over the ISDN.
I hope that finally ppp will be widely accepted (just to have ONE
standard, but it will now take some time to established and accepted
method). ppp may not be the most efficient method, but anyhow.

	Oliver

        Oliver Korfmacher (okorf@netcs.com, whois OK11)

> 
> George Clapp
> voice: 708-248-6507
> fax:   708-248-3996
> email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
> 


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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Cc: atm@sun.com, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, ietf@isi.edu, 
    iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, rolc@nsco.network.com

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               RE>dissolution of IPLPDN
> 
> This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
> a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
> continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
> misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical

> problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
> participate.

One point I can't resist to mention: The discussion "multiprotocol over
circuit switched ISDN" was started too late. Here, in non-US countries,
we now have a variety of methods for IP and other protocols over the ISDN.
I hope that finally ppp will be widely accepted (just to have ONE
standard, but it will now take some time to established and accepted
method). ppp may not be the most efficient method, but anyhow.

	Oliver

        Oliver Korfmacher (okorf@netcs.com, whois OK11)

> 
> George Clapp
> voice: 708-248-6507
> fax:   708-248-3996
> email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
> 


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From: Oliver Korfmacher <okorf@netcs.com>
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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 93 9:14:24 MEST
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From: CPSMTP01 Admin <CPSMTP01_Admin@cpqm.saic.com>
Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Cc: atm@sun.com, ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu, ietf@isi.edu, 
    iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, rolc@nsco.network.com
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Mail*Link(r) SMTP               RE>dissolution of IPLPDN
> 
> This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
> a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
> continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
> misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical

> problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
> participate.

One point I can't resist to mention: The discussion "multiprotocol over
circuit switched ISDN" was started too late. Here, in non-US countries,
we now have a variety of methods for IP and other protocols over the ISDN.
I hope that finally ppp will be widely accepted (just to have ONE
standard, but it will now take some time to established and accepted
method). ppp may not be the most efficient method, but anyhow.

	Oliver

        Oliver Korfmacher (okorf@netcs.com, whois OK11)

> 
> George Clapp
> voice: 708-248-6507
> fax:   708-248-3996
> email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
> 


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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 93 9:14:24 MEST
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Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
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    iplpdn@CNRI.Reston.VA.US, rolc@nsco.network.com

Mail*Link(r) SMTP               RE>dissolution of IPLPDN
> 
> This recent criticism is unfortunate, and I'm sorry that we are ending on
> a bit of a sour note.  But I'm confident that the work done by IPLPDN will 
> continue to have value and that these comments will be recognized as 
> misplaced.  IPLPDN was a great group that stayed focused on solving technical

> problems.  It was terrific fun, and I'm glad to have had the chance to 
> participate.

One point I can't resist to mention: The discussion "multiprotocol over
circuit switched ISDN" was started too late. Here, in non-US countries,
we now have a variety of methods for IP and other protocols over the ISDN.
I hope that finally ppp will be widely accepted (just to have ONE
standard, but it will now take some time to established and accepted
method). ppp may not be the most efficient method, but anyhow.

	Oliver

        Oliver Korfmacher (okorf@netcs.com, whois OK11)

> 
> George Clapp
> voice: 708-248-6507
> fax:   708-248-3996
> email: clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com
> 


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From: Oliver Korfmacher <okorf@netcs.com>
Message-Id: <9308250714.AA08874@keks.netcs.com>
Subject: Re: dissolution of IPLPDN
To: "George H. Clapp" <clapp@ameris.center.il.ameritech.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 93 9:14:24 MEST
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